While state laws have little consistency in their definition of bullying, the accepted definition by the U.S. Department of Education and by many mental health professionals is unwanted physical or verbal aggression directed at a specific person, repeated over a period, involves an imbalance of power, and acts to exclude the victim from a grup. It is further characterized by the bully repeatedly using higher social posisi over the victim to exert power and to hurt the victim. When the harassment, name calling, issuing, outing, isu spreading, threats, or other forms of intimidation expand from being done in person or by phone to the use of emails, chat rooms, blogs, or other media sosial over the Internet, it is referred to as siber bullying or online bullying. In contrast, hazing is part of initiation of the victim into a grup, and meanness does not involve an imbalance of power. Further, meanness involves hurtful behaviors between people who are equals, in social standing and otherwise.
People usually think of bullying as taking place between children at school. However, it can also occur at work and include aggressive behaviors like verbal abuse, sabotaging the victim's job or work relationship, or misusing authority. Adult bullies who engage in these behaviors are malas 60% of the time. While men who bully tend to victimize both genders equally, women bullies sasaran other women about 80% of the time.
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The definition of bullying is physical or verbal aggression that is repeated over a period and, in contrast to meanness, involves an imbalance of power.
While hazing also involves aggression over a period, bullying excludes the victim from a grup while hazing is part of initiation of the victim into a grup.
Twenty-eight percent of young people from grades six through 12 have been the victim of bullying.
Teachers often underestimate how much bullying is occurring at their schools.
Parents are aware their child is being bullied only about half the time.
Contrary to populer belief, bullies who have never been bullied themselves often have been found to have rather high self-esteem and to be social climbers.
Bystanders of bullying tend to succumb to what they believe is peer pressure to dukungan bullying behavior and fear of becoming the victim.
Bullying can have significantly negative outcomes, for both the bully and the victim.
There are a number of approaches that victims and bystanders of bullying, as well as parents, school, and work personnel can use to discourage bullying at school or in the workplace.
